National Astronomical Observatory of Japan

The Subaru Telescope

About the Subaru Telescope

The Subaru Telescope is a large optical-infrared telescope located near the summit of Maunakea, on Hawai'i Island. The primary mirror is one of the world's largest monolithic mirrors, with an aperture of 8.2 meters. This large light collecting power enables it to capture even the faintest light from celestial objects. A major feature of the Subaru Telescope is its ability to mount instruments at the prime focus where the field of view is overwhelmingly wide compared to other very large telescopes. In addition, the Subaru Telescope is equipped with various innovations to obtain sharp images of celestial objects from the light it collects, such as high-performance adaptive optics, making the Subaru Telescope's high resolving power one of the highest among the world’s very large telescopes. This performance has been achieved through careful selection of the telescope's site and the use of state-of-the-art technology.

The Subaru Telescope

Research

The Subaru Telescope has observed a wide variety of celestial objects, from nearby shooting stars to galaxies as far away as 13.1 billion light-years away. Data from the Subaru Telescope's wide variety of instruments, including its prime focus camera, which offers a wider field of view than available on other 8-m class telescopes, have been used by researchers not only in Japan, but also around the world. These data are also open to the public and have been used for a variety of purposes, including educational use by high school and university students. Although it has been in operation for more than 25 years, as Japan’s flagship telescope, the Subaru Telescope continues to be at the forefront of science and technology.

Specifications

LocationSummit of Maunakea on the Island of Hawai‘i, the United States of America (at an altitude of 4139 meters)
Prime manufacturerMitsubishi Electric Corporation
Effective aperture of primary mirror8.2 meters
Main observation instrumentsPrime focus instruments: Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC), Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS)
Nasmyth focus instruments (visible light): High Dispersion Spectrograph (HDS)
Nasmyth focus instruments (Infrared): Infrared Camera and Spectrograph (IRCS) and 188-element Adaptive Optics (AO) System
Cassegrain focus instruments: Multi-Object Infrared Camera and Spectrograph (MOIRCS) and Faint Object Camera And Spectrograph (FOCAS)
CharacteristicsThe Subaru Telescope has four foci including the prime focus, Cassegrain focus, and two Nasmyth foci. Among the 8-meter class telescopes in the world, only the Subaru Telescope is capable of mounting an instrument at the prime focus.

History

April 1991The Japan National Large Telescope plan officially started. Construction of the Subaru Telescope started. NAOJ started production of the primary mirror and began overall design. NAOJ asked people from all over Japan to submit names for the telescope.
January 1999The Subaru Telescope started test observation (first light).
December 2000Common use began for the Subaru Telescope.
February 2006Multi-Object InfraRed Camera and Spectrograph (MOIRCS) started operation.
November 2006Laser guide star adaptive optics system started operation (first light).
November 2010Fiber Multi-Object Spectrograph (FMOS) first light.
July 2013Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) first light.
February 2025Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS) started operation.

Related Project

The Universe Revealed by the Subaru Telescope